Showing posts with label Promotion. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Promotion. Show all posts

20 November 2006

An Evening's Pleasure


A time worn photograph, badly reproduced --- but one with a story behind it worthy of telling here, perhaps for the first time --- in a very long time indeed.

On an oppressively hot day, August 31st of 1929, a special train pulled into the railway station in Fresno, California and deposited a cargo the likes of which, if a similar event occurred today, would be fodder for every evening news broadcast and television "entertainment magazine" show imaginable.

Unloaded from the train to be met by throngs of cheering fans, photographers and Fresno's dapper mayor, Z.S. Leymel, was a fair portion of Warner Brothers-First National & Vitaphone's most precious cargo: it's stars and directors.

Monte Blue, Edward Everett Horton, Patsy Ruth Miller, Frank Fay, Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., Dorothy Mackaill, Alice White, Noah Beery, Georges Carpentier, Myrna Loy, Edna Murphy, Frank Lloyd, Lloyd Bacon, Loretta Young, Alice Day, Grant Withers, Tully Marshall, William Boyd, Hallam Cooley, Walter Woolf, Winnie Lightner, Lee Moran, Vivian Segal, Marion Byron, Sally Eilers, Bull Montana, William Bakewell, Armida Vandrill, Jaqueline Logan, and, apparently on a day-pass from Metro, Joan Crawford --- then acting as Mrs. Douglas Fairbanks, Jr.

Also stepping off the train and gaining somewhat less attention was Warners' General Manager of Theaters, Max Shagrin and Mrs. John C. Porter, wife of the mayor of Los Angeles. As the mayor's chauffeured limousine sped towards Fresno, it was said to be passed by a private airplane holding a party of eleven, with chief passenger being Warner Bros. executive Darryl F. Zanuck, and Benjamin Warner, father of the boys who would one day own a movie studio.

This wasn't, as one might suspect, a publicity opportunity concocted to drum up interest in studio's all-star revue "The Show of Shows" which would be released in four months time. Rather, all this performing and creative talent was gathered on a blistering day in Fresno to participate in opening day (and night) festivities for a something that would get scant attention today. A new theater opening with a new movie.

Built only a year before as part of the Pantages vaudeville house chain, the stunning theater (B. Marcus Priteca, Architect) blended Spanish, Moorish, and Italian Renaissance-Revival elements into one cohesive terra-cotta whole, with store fronts built into the flanking sides of the building that maintained the structure's design throughout.

While workmen and electricians worked throughout the day outside the theater to set up wooden blockades, bleachers, floodlights and a powerful street level loudspeaker connected to the stage microphone, the elite of the Warner Bros. studio made tracks to their accommodations at Fresno's Californian Hotel --- with some remaining at the hotel and others making personal appearances around town, including a ladies' club and a public "plunge" in Sunnyside, where a few of them joined flabbergasted citizens in the pool and "proved themselves expert swimmers."



By late afternoon, spurred on by word of mouth and decidedly spectacular newspaper ads such as the one pictured above that appeared in the morning newspaper, crowds had begun to form lines outside the theater that would eventually stretch for four blocks, creating numbers that were more than twice the capacity of the Fresno Warner Theater --- which by sunset, was bathed in floodlights and flashed with huge searchlights, setting it brilliantly ablaze against the darkening azure sky behind it.

While crowds continued to gather outside the theater, grateful for the slowly setting sun and breeze that came with it, a grand dinner for 150 in the ballroom of the Californian Hotel was winding up, that had been "marked by the attractive decoration of the ballroom and the lovely gowns of the various actresses." That summer, full body tans had been the vogue --- a fad that even spawned a film, "Tanned Legs" (RKO) --- and newspapers couldn't resist calling attention to the bronze effect (described as "white and gold skin tones") of Alice White, Edna Murphy and Mrs. Fairbanks (Joan.)

Shortly before 7:PM, Warner Bros. notables headed to the new theater, their arrival announced via a loudspeaker that did losing battle with the cheers, screams, and whistles that were thrown upwards from the crowd. By 8:30PM, with the show underway inside, lines outside continued to increase --- and by 10:PM, with hopes of getting inside gone, the crowds opted to wait for the stars to emerge --- although with less patience than previously displayed, requiring police to be called in to maintain order. Still and all, the mood seems to have been one of pure festivity and celebration --- and all for a form of entertainment that, only a year before, had barely made an impression on the public.


For the audience that was safely in the much coveted seats inside the theater, it was a memorable evening, "the high spots of which were Frank Fay's dexterous handling of the job of Master of Ceremonies, Monte Blue's speech, the unexpected appearance of Joan Crawford, who came on with her newly-acquired husband, Douglas Fairbanks, Jr.; the broken English of Georges Carpentier, who some people still wish had licked Dempsey, and Bull Montana in a very short but effective impersonation of himself."

"After the personal appearances of the stars came the feature picture, 'The Hottentot,' starring Edward Everett Horton, supported by Patsy Ruth Miller. This picture was made from the stage success of the same name, and is based on the predicament of a man who, never having ridden a horse before, attempts to act as jockey in a famous steeplechase."



The film, "The Hottentot," directed by Roy Del Ruth, may seem at first an odd choice for so gala an event, as it wasn't a large scale film by any means, without the glitzy appeal of the Technicolor process that was starting to infiltrate a good many Warner films, and it was of fairly short length too. Yet, it achieved exactly what it was designed as: a swift-moving, light, action-comedy peppered with sharp, funny dialogue.

The New York Times: "...hilarious talking picture. The dialogue in the picture is fast and funny, and the audience at yesterday's matinee missed a good many laughs when its mirth overlapped the ensuing lines. This is an example, it is to be presumed, of how really enjoyable a picture can be by having only good, clean fun. Miss Miller is sufficient and pretty as the heroine."

Variety: "... the dialogue is abundantly hoked, with some male members of the cast exaggerating this by inferior performance, (but) the theme is touched by the whip at the start."

Mistaking Sam Harrington (Horton) who greatly fears horses, for a famous steeplechase rider, Peggy Fairfax (Miller) enthusiastically prevails upon him to ride the high-spirited horse, Hottentot. Director Roy Del Ruth added a clever touch of the sort later to be coined as "screwball" to his presentation of Miller and her horse riding and racing obsessed family, as the New York Times review by Mordaunt Hall indicates: "Her whole family is... horsey. The sheet music on the piano is composed of songs about equines, the statuary in the house are all models of horses, and the family plays a horse-racing table game while dressed in riding clothes."


Some seventy-seven years after that forgotten day and night in Fresno, time has been selective if not a bit cruel as to what remains today. Newspaper accounts, photographs --- perhaps a newsreel (surely Warners would have seen to that!), but little more. Prints and negatives for "The Hottentot" aren't known to exist, and the surviving audio from a European release version eliminates all the dialogue that prompted so many gales of laughter in theaters across the country. Although it can be compared to opening a rare old beautifully bound volume and finding no words imprinted inside, some faint idea --- or feel, of the film may be gained from the following audio selections.

Here, from an early portion of the film, an incredulous Edward Everett Horton is led into Patsy Ruth Miller's "horsey" home. Terrified of equines, Horton notes with mounting discomfort a telephone receiver in the shape of a horse's head, horse paintings and statuary everywhere and a piano laden with horse-themed tunes: "Horses," "The Old Gray Mare," "Barney Google," etc.

From the closing moments of the film, following Horton's unintended steeplechase victory --- Horton's confession to Miller of the fluke and his loathing for the beasts, which segues into reconciliation and his romantic victory in Miller's arms. The jaunty melody that closes the film can also be heard in a fox-hunting sequence ("Bring on the dogs and horses," shouts the stage manager) in another Warners production of 1929, "On With the Show."

On the bright side, the theater that began life as a Pantages and became the Warners a year later, still survives --- miraculously intact, largely unaltered inside and out, and seemingly lovingly maintained by the present owners. Best of all, it's still very much alive --- used regularly for select film, stage and musical performances --- and spared the saddest of all fates for a vintage theater, that of being shuttered and left to slowly decay before being torn apart by heavy machines and sledgehammers.

I've always felt that if not buildings, then at least places certainly, retain a memory or an imprint of an important event that had been laden with human emotion. If so, the theater that proudly stands today --- seeming perhaps a bit dismayed at the changes that surround it --- has at least one fond memory, often replayed in ghostly silence, embedded deep inside itself. Can a building smile? I believe this one can, and does.







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12 November 2006

An Audience Mystified


Not long after the birth of recorded sound itself, the same instrument that astonished the world would take on a far more mundane and familiar chore, that of first advertising itself --- and then every other technical innovation it would spawn.

In the following justly famous Edison advertising cylinder from 1906, the phonograph is brilliantly presented not merely as just a way to hear selections from "The Bohemian Girl" after a theatrical presentation has left town, but as an indispensable mechanical device bestowed with almost human qualities, always at the ready to serve you.

"Edison Advertising Cylinder" (1906)




If your home contained dispirited elders, the phonograph was there to draw them from the chimney corner and effectively amuse and quiet them --- while serving a similar purpose for dull infants, raffish youngsters, a fatigued spouse, or those confined to the sick room who always ran the risk of becoming potential candidates for transforming into one of the "loved ones who are far away" mentioned in the machine's recording capability segment.

While unspoken, the selling point here is clearly that of a product that will effectively relieve the owner from restrictive domestic duties, leaving them free to presumably rush out and buy additional cylinders to keep the phonograph fed and running. Or, perhaps to visit... Coney Island?





Although it would take time, recorded sound and Edison's phonograph would cease being a novelty. Instead it became so completely integrated into the movement of daily life that a visitor to Coney Island's Luna Park probably wouldn't be astonished by the raucous sound of a mechanically reproduced voice saying "Thank You" from a concealed speaker as they exited an attraction via a gate or turnstile. While I suppose a typical reaction might be along the "What won't they think of next!" sort, the real purpose of the installation was to create memorable and effective cross promotion for a product or service other than the one just consumed.

In the brief audio fragment offered below, patrons were lured to ride adjacent attractions such as "The Pretzel Ride," "The Wild Cat," Scooters, "The Whip" (for real fun!), "The Old Mill" or merely politely asked to try (meaning buy) popcorn.



The effectiveness of the device isn't known, but I suspect it wouldn't be long before the small cylinders became horribly degraded from constant use, ultimately emitting a garbled squawk that would frighten or annoy rather than persuade. Then too, pity any attendant stationed nearby for hours on end!

The arrival and wide public acceptance of radio as a source of immediately accessible entertainment coincided with the arrival of talking films, and both mediums formed an almost instant union with the objective of one aiding the other, although ultimately it was film that reaped the benefit.





In a convoluted bit of supreme joint effort, the following audio excerpt from 1929 features a radio show ("Brunswick Brevities") that was transcribed onto phonograph discs, promoting radio sets for the home by utilizing a medley of tunes from a selection of then current talking pictures produced by MGM. Everyone was served --- and then some, while the public enjoyed a lovely piece of music to listen to over dinner. Here, a Brunswick Brevities "talkie medley" containing tunes from "The Pagan," "The Broadway Melody," "Marianne" and "The Hollywood Revue."

"Brunswick Brevities" (1929) - Excerpt






The early musicals were a boon to the record and sheet music industries, with all closely aligned corporate hands in a pot being duly filled with coin at every turn, as the public sought to quench its thirst for music from the latest talkies they've seen, or wanted to see --- or somehow managed to miss.

Here, in a promotional disc produced by the Victor Record Company, Richard Barthelmess' film "Weary River" (First National-1929) is used as the peg upon which to hang lures for not one but two different renditions of the film's theme song (by Rudy Vallee and Gene Austin) and also for the film itself.


Victor Promotional Disc for "Weary River" (1929)

Not long afterward, Columbia could be heard promoting its Tele-Focal radio ("No dead spots on the dial!") via a transcribed radio commercial elegantly masquerading as an entertainment offering, that utilized Ben Selvin & Ruth Etting's recording (on the Columbia label) of "Dancing With Tears In My Eyes" (a fantastically popular tune unwisely cut from the 1930 Warners film "Dancing Sweeties") as the primary lure.


In then new concept that would outlive products, songs, films and activities --- and generations of consumers, for that matter, it's still with us today but as an inescapable bludgeon rather than something as genuinely attractive as the closing offering, a transcribed radio promotion for the 1933 Paramount film "Torch Singer," wherein it is supposed Claudette Colbert's singing voice was supplemented with one belonging to vocalist Sylvia Froos. As with most things, the illusion is preferable to the reality. Certainly more mystifying.

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25 October 2006

Hearts Forever Plighted

For all the controversy, real and imagined, forever embedded within D.W. Griffith's magnificent "The Birth of a Nation," there can be found one element that defies criticism and time itself --- that being a musical piece composed and compiled for the film by Joseph Carl Breil.

Titled "The Perfect Song," further defined as a "love strain," and serving as what would eventually become to be known as a theme song, it's an incredibly lovely composition that, when disconnected from the context of the film, stands up remarkably well as a melody of no particular time nor place --- but still unmistakably stirring and evocative.

How beautifully right, then... or wrong, depending upon how you look at it, that the same melody that accompanied one of the earliest motion picture blockbusters should come to be used --- some fourteen years after it's introduction in 1915, as the theme for the "Amos 'n Andy" radio show, itself a blockbuster and landmark in broadcasting history.

Initially heard as a languid organ solo that bookended the transcribed portion of the show --- and often performed live by a radio station house musician, the melody soon caught the public's fancy, many of whom surely recalled the tune's origin. But, by 1929, Griffith's film was a distant relic of another day --- and the melody would soon become inseparable from the brilliant comedic character creations of Freeman Gosden and Charles Correll.

Here, to our left, is Gosden and Correll autographing copies of a slim book entitled "All About Amos 'n Andy" for delighted fans in a Chicago department store, in 1929 --- just as their radio show and their popularity were exploding across the country.

In an example of cross-promotion of the sort we usually prefer to believe is a relatively modern concept, one could, in 1930, listen to the radio show, buy at least two published books, see the performers in the RKO film "Check and Double Check," read a daily comic strip syndicated to newspapers nationwide and then, at the end of the day, dance to the show's theme song --- "A Perfect Song," now far, far removed from it's original but no less dramatic source.

Here then, is a 78rpm recording of "The Perfect Song," as performed by the Hotel Pennsylvania Orchestra, with vocals, recorded on January 15th of 1930, and issued on the Velvet-Tone label.

The Perfect Song (1930)


Freeman & Gosden image courtesy of the Chicago Historical Society,Chicago Daily News negatives collection, DN-0087461.

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